Market Trends Insights
Electric scooter hub motors represent a specific type of electric hub motor, which has been previously utilized in cars and industrial vehicles. Now, these motors are increasingly being incorporated into personal electric vehicles like electric scooters.
Renowned for their permanent magnet synchronous design, these motors are often referred to as Brushless DC motors. Unlike traditional DC motors, they lack intricate carbon brush systems and, as a result, require an electronic inverter for operation. They have higher efficiency and power capabilities, making them particularly effective for producing significant torque even in smaller devices.
*Image and Data Source: web
As of 2022, the worldwide market for two-wheeler hub motors was valued at approximately USD 10.34 billion. Forecasts suggest a growth trajectory with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 12.3% from 2023 to 2030. Countries like China and the U.S. are encouraging the use of e-scooters and e-bikes through subsidies, promoting eco-friendly transportation methods. These measures are expected to boost the market share of electric two-wheeler motors.
Three Basic Concepts for Electric Scooter Hub Motor
Rated Power | Rated power, often referred to as continuous power, represents the level of power that an electric scooter motor can consistently use over time without the risk of overheating or damage. The measurement of power in watts can vary in precision, and different manufacturers may have their own methods of calculating motor wattage. For instance, two motors rated at 500W each may not actually deliver identical mechanical power, indicating that motors with the same rated continuous power can exhibit varied performance levels.
Image Source: Solaremobility & Hsn
Maximum Power | Maximum power usage is the measure of the maximum power that the electric scooter hub motor can utilize in short, intense bursts. Typically, a higher maximum power rating equates to quicker acceleration and more efficient hill climbing capabilities in electric scooters, making this a crucial figure to consider. Typically, the levels your scooter consumes on the road are its continuous power. The actual value is mainly 30% to 90% of the peak figure. On average, the continuous power of most scooters is 57% of the peak value.
Motor Torque | Motor torque refers to the rotational force generated by the electric scooter hub motor, which is responsible for turning the wheels and propelling the scooter forward. This force is quantified in Newton meters (NM) or foot-pounds. While watts indicate the electric motor’s input capacity – the power it can draw – torque is a measure of the motor’s output, or the actual power it produces.
Comparisons of Different Kinds of Electric Scooter Motors
| Feature/Aspect | Brush Motor | Brushless Motor (BLDC) |
| Introduction | One of the oldest technologies, dating back to the early 1800s. | Recent technology, more advanced compared to brushed motors. |
| Operation | Mechanically operates through graphite/carbon brushes. | Operates electronically with alternating power in motor coils. |
| Pros | Low construction cost | Better power to weight ratio |
| Simple controller | More energy efficient | |
| Reduces the price of the scooter | It does not overheat often | |
| Cons | Older technology | More expensive |
| Wears out with time | It causes some power loss | |
| Production in this era is limited |
| Feature/Aspect | Geared Hub Motor | Gearless Hub Motor |
| Introduction | Small motor inside a casing with external gears. | Simple structure with two key parts: rotor and stator. |
| Operation | Power is transferred to wheels through gears. | Axle rotation driven by electromagnets. |
| Pros | Long range | Higher maximum speeds |
| Power output is high | Better hill-climbing angle | |
| Maintains good speed | Maintains speed efficiently | |
| Cons | Experiences more wear and tear | Overall efficiency is low |
| Short lifespan | It makes the scooter heavy as the motor size is larger | |
| Requires repairs often |
Performance Curve and Drawing for Hub Motor
Image Source: Ketterer-drives
Technical Parameters of Electric Scooter Hub
| Description | Model 1 | Model 2 |
| Top Speed (kph) | 30 | 15 |
| Weight (kg) | 9 | 6 |
| Battery Voltage (V) | 42 | 22.2 |
| Battery Capacity (Ah) | 4.6 | 2.6 |
| Efficiency (Wh / km) | 18 | 17.5 |
| Motor Power (W) | 140 | 95 |
| Wheel Size (mm) | 125 | 90 |
*Image and Data Source: web
| Description | Model 1 | Model 2 |
| Rim Size | 10 X 2.15″ | 10 X 2.15″ |
| Tyre Size | 90 / 100 – 10 | 90 / 100 – 10 |
| Stator Dia | 205 mm | 205 mm |
| Magnet Height | 30 mm | 35 mm |
| Rated Power | 250 W – 1500 W | 1000 W – 2000 W |
| Operating Voltage | 48 – 72 V | 48 – 96 V |
| Design Speed | 25 – 45 kmph | 25 – 60 kmph |
| Brake Mounting | Drum / Disc Brake | Drum / Disc Brake |
| Axle Configuration | Double Mounting | Double Mounting |
* Image and Data Source: web
